Earth Viewers-几个三维地球软件比较

<div ><h2 >Earth Viewers</h2><br>This
chart compares Google Earth and World Wind against a handful of other
software packages which might all be loosely termed "Earth Viewers".
Rough comparisons are drawn to several free (and Free) tools and one
commercial one (ArcGlobe) all of which have very different emphases.</p><table  border="1" bordercolor="#111111" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" height="703"><tr><th  height="54"> </th><th  height="54">NASA World Wind<br>(<a href="http://worldwind.arc.nasa.gov/" target="_blank" >link</a>)</th><th  height="54">Google Earth<br>(<a href="http://earth.google.com/" target="_blank" >link</a>)</th><th  height="54">VTP<br>(<a href="http://vterrain.org/" target="_blank" >link</a>)</th><th  height="54">planet-earth.org<br>(<a href="http://www.planet-earth.org/" target="_blank" >link</a>)</th><th  height="54">osgPlanet<br>(OSSIM)<br>(<a href="http://www.ossim.org/OSSIM/ossimPlanet.html" target="_blank" >link</a>)</th><th  height="54">osgdem/<br>osgviewer<br>(<a href="http://www.openscenegraph.org/" target="_blank" >link</a>)</th><th  height="54">ArcGlobe<br>(<a href="http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/extensions/3danalyst/" target="_blank" >link</a>)</th><th  height="54">ArcGIS Explorer<br>(<a href="http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/explorer/" target="_blank" >link</a>)</th></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Paging of huge datasets</font></td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Streaming over internet</font></td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">no</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">possible(4)</td><td  align="center">yes</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Includes access to high-quality commercial imagery</font></td><td  align="center">no</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">yes</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Unified coordinate system ("space to face")</font></td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">no</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Get elevation of camera and cursor</font></td><td  align="center">no</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">yes?</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Intended for developers<br>(Open API)</font></td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">no</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">not yet</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">yes<br>(GIS only)</td><td  align="center">no</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Intended for end-users<br>(Feature-rich GUI)</font></td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Import user elevation data</font></td><td  align="center">possible&#185;</td><td  align="center">no</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">possible&#178;</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Import user image data</font></td><td  align="center">possible&#185;</td><td rowspan="2" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: center;" align="center" height="54"><font color="#800000">yes</font> (requires<br>manual georef)</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">possible&#178;</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;" height="23"><font size="2">Import image data at runtime</font></td><td >no</td><td >no</td><td >no</td><td >no</td><td >no</td><td >yes</td><td >yes</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Generation/use of datasets<br>(elevation/imagery)</font></td><td  align="center">n/a</td><td  align="center">with GUI<br>(imagery only)</td><td  align="center">with GUI</td><td  align="center">yes (how?)</td><td  align="center">with config<br>script (.kwl)</td><td  align="center">with command-<br>line; very slow</td><td  align="center">with GUI</td><td  align="center">with GUI</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Import GIS data</font></td><td  align="center">no?</td><td  align="center">no (not in<br>free version)</td><td  align="center">points and<br>vectors only</td><td  align="center">possible</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Import 3D Models</font></td><td  align="center">no</td><td >yes<font color="#800000"><br></font>(from KML)</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">yes (demo<br>only)</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">yes(3)</td><td  align="center">no</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Buildings</font></td><td  align="center">no</td><td >yes (simple<br>extrusion)</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">yes (demo<br>only)</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">yes (simple<br>extrusion)</td><td  align="center">no</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Roads</font></td><td  align="center">no</td><td >no (only as vectors)</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no (only as vectors)</td><td  align="center">no (only as vectors)</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Vegetation</font></td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">yes? (with<br>osgforest)</td><td class="style2" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; border-collapse: separate;">yes?</td><td class="style2" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; border-collapse: separate;">no</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;" height="16"><font size="2">Create Culture at runtime</font></td><td  align="center" height="16">n/a</td><td  align="center" height="16">just placemarks</td><td  align="center" height="16">fences, plants,<br>3D models</td><td  align="center" height="16">no</td><td  align="center" height="16">n/a</td><td  align="center" height="16">n/a</td><td  align="center" height="16"><p  align="center">partial(5)</p></td><td  align="center" height="16">no</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Create GIS features</font></td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">yes (limited)</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="style2" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: center; border-collapse: separate;">?</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Free (as in price; gratis)</font></td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">yes</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Free (as in freedom; libre)</font></td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">no</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td class="red" >yes</td><td  align="center">no</td><td  align="center">no</td></tr><tr><td class="style1" style="border-width: 1px; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;"><font size="2">Estimated size of active user community</font></td><td  align="center">hundreds?</td><td  align="center">hundreds of<br>thousands</td><td  align="center">hundreds</td><td  align="center">dozen</td><td  align="center">dozens</td><td  align="center">hundreds?</td><td  align="center">thousands</td><td  align="center">?</td></tr></table><p>&#185;:
Raul Aguilera Hermosilla writes: "World Wind, being open as it is, uses
"generic" formats for the data (elevation and images) with a rather
awkward (but explained fully within the user groups) tiling scheme.
What you can do is either replace or superimpose your elevation files
or images. This is not for the end user but anyone with enough patience
(to find the appropriate details) can do it.  I haven't had the time to
actually do it but from what I saw I am pretty sure it can be done."</p><p>&#178;: Chris writes: For planet-earth you use the <a href="http://old.ping.com.au/3map/rez/" target="_blank" >Rez toolset</a> to
generate the elevations+imagery.  You then have to transfer it to
server and there is some manual editing to include.  There *is* an
interface online to upload it and have it positioned but there are bugs
in it at present.</p><p>3: Can directly import 3DS, SketchUp, VRML and OBJ file formats, with textures.</p><p>4: Streaming: ArcGlobe
acts as a client.  Basically for vectors you need one of the server
products (ArcIMS, ArcServer or the new image server), or a web server
serving a raster file format which supports streaming (ECW and perhaps
a few others).</p><p>5: ESRI says: "ArcGlobe is an interactive 3D GIS, which means that 3D “culture” objects are treated as symbology attached to point locations.  If you have 3D symbology set
up, you can add points to insert/position 3D objects on a terrain
surface.  Various people have created add-on interfaces which let you
pick the 3D object first, then create a point for it – but these are
free extensions, and not in the normal GUI as shipped.  ArcGlobe does not provide a 3D content creation environment for “culture” items.  We generally suggest the use of @Last Software’sSketchUp, because it supports georeferencing.  However, any 3D surface modeler which can export to the 4 supported 3D file formats above should work."</p></div>